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Contents
! h S+ X _+ V" p; e1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 3
# M: L8 K9 J# T) T9 ]& _( M% ?1.1 Split Supply vs Single Supply.................................................................................................... 3 \) ~$ ~' ]: O# ]2 O; S7 m: |8 Q
1.2 Virtual Ground.......................................................................................................................... 4, x' |' D X t2 M
1.3 AC-Coupling ............................................................................................................................. 4& J4 w! x& S! m. F
1.4 Combining Op-Amp Stages ...................................................................................................... 5
; i# H( f$ x4 o5 u4 ~1.5 Selecting Resistor and Capacitor Values .................................................................................. 54 w* f5 ^1 a6 p4 w( B* I
2 Basic Circuits ............................................................................................................................... 53 [2 j# Z* S9 b
2.1 Gain......................................................................................................................................... 5
7 q0 {! ?$ M5 a/ R2.2 Attenuation ............................................................................................................................... 6
2 _8 l+ Q2 c& H- \2.3 Summing ................................................................................................................................. 91 l6 O1 F9 W9 o
2.4 Difference Amplifier .................................................................................................................. 9
) c8 n/ h; b0 Q+ q5 W' i6 j/ u2.5 Simulated Inductor.................................................................................................................... 9
7 F& h" B6 B8 g2.6 Instrumentation Amplifiers ...................................................................................................... 10
4 S; S( q) O5 ^* t5 f* ]. O5 j3 Filter Circuits ............................................................................................................................... 12) U* P& L m6 X
3.1 Single Pole Circuits................................................................................................................. 134 R( [5 ~. b! }' W" c# K
3.1.1 Low Pass Filter Circuits .............................................................................................................13& ~2 Q s! x$ c. o6 ]1 K9 V
3.1.2 High Pass Filter Circuits.............................................................................................................13/ z- E7 |" t0 z2 W' b
3.1.3 All-Pass Filter ............................................................................................................................14* r: \! C" a) M9 ~% H2 K
3.2 Double-Pole Circuits ............................................................................................................... 156 w- W! e3 U: Y* x! D4 C9 Y
3.2.1 Sallen-Key................................................................................................................................15
1 O( O& H" s3 L/ S3.2.2 Multiple Feedback (MFB)...........................................................................................................160 @7 X0 F) \4 i! K
3.2.3 Twin T ......................................................................................................................................17
2 @! k4 T b; J) P3.2.4 Fliege .......................................................................................................................................20
$ P7 X. r' L4 f2 W0 y9 P( V( j3.2.5 Akerberg-Mossberg Filter ..........................................................................................................22
r2 f' v" V/ A# q3 ] R3.2.6 BiQuad .....................................................................................................................................24
( u% ^. g) T2 [& n; B& Z2 `3.2.7 State Variable...........................................................................................................................25. V& P7 W0 G: Z5 O( P9 q$ K7 p5 Y
4 References.................................................................................................................................. 25. S1 [" g2 a& i; Q
Appendix A – Standard Resistor and Capacitor Values ................................................................. 26
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[ 本帖最後由 sjhor 於 2007-5-11 10:12 PM 編輯 ] |
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